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LEARN ASTROLOGY
"IMPORTANT ASTROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY"
Introduction to Charts
Body Parts represented by houses
Relations represented by houses
Significations ruled by houses

Here you will be introduced to the terminology of Hindu astrology to enable you to comprehend the system.  The astronomy relevant to predictive astrology will be discussed in the first place.

ASTRONOMICAL TERMINOLOGY

ECLIPTIC : Ecliptic is the apparent path of the Sun.

ZODIAC & ASTROLOGY

Zodiac is an imaginary belt in the heavens extending to 9º on both sides of ecliptic containing 12 signs of 30º each. The first sign starts from 0º of the sign Aries (Mesha) and extends to 30º. Each degree can be divided into 60 minutes, and each minute can be divided into 60 seconds for the purpose of precision in calculations.

From the earth, the signs appear to be moving in a clockwise motion. The earth has two revolutions: one around the Sun which is completed in 365,25 days, and the other around its own axis which is completed in 24 hours. Due to earth's movement around the Sun, when the Sun is viewed in the background of the zodiac it appears from the earth that the Sun moves/rotates at the speed of 1º per day in an anti-clockwise direction. The other revolution of the earth i.e. around its own axis causes rise of all the 12 signs in the horizon or east in a period of 24 hours.

The zodiac is also divided into 27 nakshatras (constellations) consisting of groups of fixed stars. The names and extent of nakshatras in zodiac are being separately indicated in the table appended at the end of the book.

EQUINOX:

Equinox is the time when the Sun apparently crosses the equator and the day and the night are equal. It is believed that when the Sun touches its equinoctial point of zero degree of Aries, the earth moves westward with reference to a particular constellation. The zodiac seen or measured from the beginning of Aries from the westward moving equinoctial point is known as moving or tropical zodiac. When zero degree of Aries is reckoned from a particular star, the same is known as fixed or sidereal zodiac. The Vedic system of Astrology uses the concept of fixed zodiac and that is why the Sun enters Aries almost on identical dates every year. In the Vedic system of Astrology, when we are speaking of various signs we are actually speaking about the fixed constellations with the same name. The Vedic system of Astrology is known as Nirayana System.

AYANAMSA :

The ayanamsa is the distance between the fixed and the moving zodiacs.

SOLAR  TIME :

We measure time based on the concept of the solar day. It is defined as an average time period of the successive passages of the Sun over a given meridian. It is exactly 24 hours and is known as the mean solar day.

SIDEREAL  TIME :

The time required for a 360 degree rotation of the earth around its axis, causing a given star in the sky to return to the same position in relation to the earth is known as the sidereal day and this period is about 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4 seconds.

PLANETARY LONGITUDES

Planetary longitude is the angular distance measured eastward on the ecliptic from the starting point of the fixed zodiac and it gives the apparent position of the planet in a particular sign at a given time.

LONGITUDES

Longitude is the angular distance of any place on the earth's surface, east or west of a standard meridian (e.g. that of Greenwich), measured in degrees up to 180º east or west, or in units of time (1 hour = 15º). With the help of the longitude of a particular place with reference to Greenwich (0º), we calculate the local mean time for that place. As the earth rotates from west to east (anti-clockwise), those places east of Greenwich will be ahead of Greenwich Time and those to the west will be behind Greenwich Time. For each degree of longitude, there is a difference of four minutes in time.

LATITUDE

Latitude is the angular distance on its meridian of any place of the earth's surface from the equator. It is measured in degrees and minutes from the equator towards either the North Pole or the South Pole. The equator represents 0 degree latitude. Latitudes are thus lines drawn parallel to the equator.

Note:Even if you find it difficult to understand astronomical terms, you can proceed with further study. The lack of clear understanding of the astronomical terminology will not create hurdles in your understanding of the Predictive Astrology. Predictive Astrology and Astronomy are two different sciences. Predictive Astrology is based on Astronomy but the deep knowledge of Astronomy is not at all necessary for predictive analysis.

GENERAL TERMINOLOGY

NATAL CHART/BIRTH HOROSCOPE

Natal chart or radical chart or horoscope or natal positions are the positions of the ascendant and planets in various signs as noted for the time of the birth. Natal positions, therefore, are fixed. The planetary positions noted with reference to a particular chart for subsequent periods are known as transits or transit positions. .

PLANETARY CONJUNCTION

Conjunction is the apparent coincidence or proximity of two or more celestial objects as viewed from the earth. The conjunction can be exact or close. If the difference in longitudes happens to be less than one degree, the resulting conjunction is known as an exact conjunction. If the difference in longitudes is within five degrees, the same is known as a close conjunction.

PLANETARY ASPECT

The aspects are partial and full. In the Vedic system of Astrology, we are concerned with only full aspects. Each planet is believed to aspect fully the seventh house, reckoned from the placement of the former.

In addition to this i.e. the seventh aspect, planets posited outside the orbit of the earth as well as Rahu and Ketu have additional special full aspects as under:

a)  Saturn aspects third and tenth houses from its location.
b)  Mars aspects fourth and eight houses from its location.
c)  Jupiter, Rahu and Ketu aspect fifth and ninth houses from their location.

Planets influence other houses/planets aspected by them favorably or unfavorably, depending upon their functional nature in the horoscope. The principle of exact or close aspect is identical to exact or close conjunction i.e. when a planet casts its aspect on another planet(s) or on the most effective point of house(s) within an orb of one degree, the aspect is known as an exact aspect. If the difference in planetary longitudes is within five degrees, then the aspect is known as a close aspect.

The conjunctions or aspects with more than five degrees of longitudinal difference are wide conjunctions or aspects. These do not have permanent impact in life except the short lived transit influences on the planets involved in wide conjunctions or aspects. The wide aspects give their results in later part of life, say around 60 years or after.

The aspect of the planet will be effective corresponding to the strength of the planet. If the aspecting planet is weak due to any reason including debilitation its effectiveness will be weak and limited.

The close aspect of a functional malefic will act as a damaging force and the close aspect of a functional benefic will act as a helping force.

GENERAL AND PARTICULAR SIGNIFICATIONS OF PLANETS

The general significations of a planet mean the aspects ruled by that planet. For example, the Sun rules father, status of the native, heart, digestive system, etc., irrespective of the lordship of the Sun in a particular nativity. The particular significations of a planet mean the significations of its mooltrikona house, the significations of its natal house and the significations of its transiting house i.e. the house where its mooltrikona sign is placed, the house where the planet is placed in the natal chart and the house where the planet is placed in transit.

The results of the significations of a weak planet fructify with delay and suffer whenever that weak planet is afflicted due to close aspect or conjunction with any functional malefic planet. The natal affliction causes damages in the entire sub-periods of the weak planet and the afflicting planets while the transit affliction cause short term damages during that effective transit influence.

PLANETARY AVASTHAS (STATES)

The planetary avasthas are the conditions in which a planet is placed.  The prominent avasthas and the results produced are as under :

a)   INFANCY:  Whenever the longitude of a planet in a particular sign is less than 5 degrees, it is said to be in the state of infancy. Such a planet is incapable of fully promoting/protecting its general and particular significations.

b)   OLD AGE:    Whenever the longitude of a planet in a particular sign is more than 25 degrees, it is said to be in the state of old age. Such a planet is incapable of fully promoting/protecting its general and particular significations.

c)   OWN SIGN:  A planet in its own sign is treated as strong and is capable of generating the expected results, provided it is otherwise strong.

The own signs of various planets are as under:

PLANET: OWN SIGN

SUN : LEO

MOON : CANCER

MARS : ARIES, SCORPIO

MERCURY: GEMINI, VIRGO

JUPITER : SAGITTARIUS, PISCES

VENUS : TAURUS, LIBRA

SATURN : CAPRICORN, AQUARIUS

d)   MOOLTRIKONA SIGNS  : : A planet in its mooltrikona (MT) sign is treated as very powerful, provided it is otherwise strong.

Under the Systems' Approach, the mooltrikona signs of various planets are as under:

PLANET MOOLTRIKONA SIGN

SUN :L EO
MOON : CANCER
MARS : ARIES
MERCURY: VIRGO
JUPITER : SAGITTARIUS
VENUS : LIBRA
SATURN : AQUARIUS
.

e)   EXALTATION:  The planets are in the state of exaltation in particular signs and give good results by promoting/protecting their general and particular significations, provided they are otherwise strong.

The exaltation signs of various planets are as under :
PLANET EXALTATION SIGN
SUN  ARIES
MOON TAURUS
MARS CAPRICORN
MERCURY VIRGO
JUPITER CANCER
VENUS PISCES
SATURN LIBRA
RAHU TAURUS
KETU SCORPIO

f) DEBILITATION:  The planets are in the state of debilitation in particular signs, and therefore weak, failing to fully protect/promote their general and particular significations. Rather, there can be deterioration in their ruling sub-periods.

The debilitation signs of various planets are as follows:

PLANET DEBILITATION SIGN
SUN LIBRA
MOON SCORPIO
MARS CANCER
MERCURY PISCES
JUPITER CAPRICORN
VENUS VIRGO
SATURN ARIES
RAHU SCORPIO
KETU TAURUS

IMPACT OF PLANETS IN FRIENDLY SIGNS: When planets occupy the signs of their friendly planets, they are happy and feel themselves free for producing results, if they are otherwise strong. The Sun, the Moon and Mars are friends and Jupiter is their preceptor. Saturn, Mercury, Rahu and Ketu are friends and Venus is their preceptor.

IMPACT OF PLANETS IN INIMICAL SIGNS: When planets occupy signs of their enemies, they do not find themselves comfortable to produce results expected of them. However, any sign from where particular planet aspects its own mooltrikona sign is an exception to this rule and a planet in such a state does not find itself restricted to produce results.

  DISPOSITOR: 
According with Systems’ Approach, the dispositor is a planet in whose mooltrikona sign another planet is located in the natal chart. Suppose in a natal chart the Sun is placed in the sign Libra ruled by Venus. In this case Venus will be the dispositor of the Sun. No planet which is in a non- mooltrikona sign will have a dispositor i.e. the planet(s) in Taurus, Gemini, Scorpio, Capricorn and Pisces have no dispositor. If a planet is posited in Aries, its dispositor would be Mars; if a planet is posited in Cancer, its dispositor would be the Moon; if a planet is posited in Leo, its dispositor would be the Sun; if a planet is posited in Virgo, its dispositor would be Mercury; if a planet is posited in Libra, its dispositor would be Venus; if a planet is posited in Sagittarius, its dispositor would be Jupiter; and if a planet is posited in Aquarius, its dispositor would be Saturn

g)   COMBUSTION:  Whenever a planet comes very near to the Sun, it is divested of its brightness (luster). The said state is called combustion. While in the state of combustion, the planets fail to fully protect/promote their general and particular significations. If such a planet is weak on other accounts too, the significations ruled by them do not even take birth.

The planets are said to be combust when they are within the below mentioned degrees on either side of the sun.

MOON 12 DEGREES
MARS 17 -DO-
MERCURY 14 -DO-
VENUS 10 -DO-
JUPITER 11 -DO-
SATURN 15 -DO-
Frequently Asked Questions

PLANETARY COMBUSTION


1. If the Sun is a functional benefic planet, is the combust planet always considered weak?

Let us first understand the combustion as a concept. Whenever a planet comes very near to the Sun, it is divested of its brightness (luster). The said state is called combustion. While in the state of combustion, the planets lack power to protect and promote the significations/houses ruled by them. If such a planet is weak on other accounts too, the significations ruled by them do not even take birth. The planets are said to be combust when they are within the below mentioned degrees on either side of the Sun.

When both the Sun and the combust planet are functional benefic planets and are closely conjunct, we have to see their two roles distinctively. Firstly, as the lords of the two auspicious houses they rule. The significations of both of these houses will flourish and will be connected to each other except the short run transit malefic influences which will stress the combust planet comparatively more than the Sun. Secondly, the role of a combust planet. The combust planet is considered as a weak planet but in case the Sun and planet(s) involved are functional benefic planets, the weakness of the combust planet(s) is operative only at the time of natal or transit afflictions.


2. Can we call the combust planet "Weak"?

Yes. The weakness due to combustion gives high and low tides in life and need astral strength for the planets to enable them to fight natal and / or transit afflictions.

3. We understand that when combust, a planet will transfer its significations to the Sun. Right? Does that mean that if, say, the lord of the sixth gets combust, the Sun will take on its qualities of dispute, conflict, and injury, even if their orb of conjunction is more than 6 degrees?

If a functional malefic planet closely influences any other planet or the Sun, a functional malefic planet will certainly color the significations of the planet under its influence, negatively.

4. Is there ever a time when the transit influence continues for a longer duration?

Generally, the maximum limit of transit influences is around four months when Rahu/Ketu axis is stationary.

5. As for the Sun, to what extent the influence of the combust planet helps as the combust planet will be weak and not in a position to help the Sun?

When both the Sun and the combust planet are functional benefic planets and are closely conjunct, one should see their role as the lords of the two houses they rule. The significations of both of these houses will flourish and will be connected to each other except the short run transit malefic influences which will stress the combust planet comparatively more than the Sun.

6. In a situation, where the dispositor of the Sun is combust, the Sun indirectly hurting itself by causing combustion to its own dispositor, would there be more weakness to both dispositor of the Sun and Sun itself, if Sun was a functional malefic planet for the ascendant in question?

That is right.

h)   AFFLICTED PLANETS:  The afflictions to the planets or houses are caused by the close conjunction or aspect of the functional malefic planets in a nativity. Whenever a planet/house is already weak for any other reason and is under the close influence of any functional malefic, it is treated as an afflicted planet/house. But when the planet/house is not weak for other reasons, it can be considered afflicted either under the exact influence of a functional malefic for normal afflictions or under the orb of influence of two degrees for special/multiple afflictions, becoming a weak planet/house for that reason. So whenever any planet/house is afflicted, it becomes weak not being capable of fully protecting/promoting its general and particular significations. The significations of the houses having mooltrikona sign of an afflicted planet are harmed more when such planets are already weak for other reasons.

SEVERELY AFFLICTED PLANETS

The planets which are weak on multiple counts and are under the exact affliction of functional malefic planets, are called severely afflicted planets. A severe affliction to any weak natal planet by Ketu or MMP and especially to the Sun, Mercury, Mars and Saturn makes the planet vulnerable to a paralytic stroke besides causing other problems.

"LEARN ASTROLOGY - STRENGTH OF PLANETS"

Strong Planets

A strong natal planet protects and promotes its general significations and the significations of its mooltrikona house. Any planet is considered strong when its longitude is between 05º to 25º in a particular sign and it is not in the state of weakness. It can increase its strength further if:

a) it is young, i.e. its longitude is between 10º to 20º in a particular sign.
b) it occupies own or good navamsa and other divisions.
c) it is under the close influence of the functional benefic planets.
d) it occupies its exaltation, mooltrikona or own sign.
e) it closely influences the most effective point of the house.

The results of planets placed in the Sun-like houses that is the second, third and ninth houses get magnified.

Any planet has capacity to bless the native with its results if its natal strength is at least 60% and it is unafflicted. In such a situation the results may come with some delay and of slightly lower order. With the help of the strengthening measures - gemstones or Kavach - the strength of the planets, where it is less than 60%, can be brought to the level of 60% so that it blesses the native with the significations ruled by it.

One can (i) strengthen the weak planets by way of a Kavach if the planetary strength is between 50% to 60%; (ii) strengthen the weak planets by way of a special power kavach if the planetary strength is between 35% to 50%; and (iii) strengthen the weak planets by way of a special power kavach cum gemstone pendant if the planetary strength is lower than 35%.

Weak Planets

A weak natal planet is not capable of fully protecting/promoting its general significations and the significations of its mooltrikona house during the course of its sub-periods and during the triple transit functional malefic influences. A planet becomes weak when:

1) The most effective point of its mooltrikona sign is afflicted by a functional malefic planet within an orb of one degree.
2) The most effective point of its house of placement is afflicted by a functional malefic planet, within an orb of one degree for mooltrikona signs or within an orb of five degrees for non-mooltrikona signs.
3) It is conjunct or aspected by any functional malefic planet within an orb of one degree.
4) It is combust due to its nearness to the Sun.
5) It occupies malefic houses from the ascendant, except if in its own mooltrikona sign.
6) It occupies its sign of debilitation.
7) It is in the state of infancy or old-age.
8) It occupies its debilitated sign in navamsa.
9) It occupies the mooltrikona sign of a weak planet. However, its strength would be in proportion to the strength of its dispositor.
In case of special or multiple afflictions, the otherwise "strong" planet is considered afflicted (and weak) even when the orb of affliction is of two degrees.

The affliction is special or multiple i.e. when it comes from:

1) a conjunction with/ aspect from the most malefic planet,

2) an aspect from a functional malefic planet placed in a dusthana,

3) a conjunction with Rahu or Ketu (Rahu-Ketu axis)

4) an aspect of a functional malefic planet afflicted by other(s) functional malefic planet,

5) more than one functional malefic planet at the same time.

Fairly strong planet: A planet which has at lest 70% power, is unafflicted and well placed, is considered as fairly strong planet.

Mild affliction: An affliction to the extent of 25% or less to a strong or fairly strong planet or the most effective point of a non-mooltrikona sign house is considered as a mild affliction.

LOSS OF STRENGTH BY PLANETS

a) A planet will lose strength to the extent of 75% if its mooltrikona sign house is afflicted.

b) A weak planet placed in an afflicted house will lose strength to the extent of 75%.

c) An otherwise strong planet placed in a non mooltrikona sign afflicted house will lose strength to the extent of 50%. Such a planet may give good results in the first place and will cause setbacks later.

d) A closely afflicted weak planet will lose strength to the extent of 75%.

e) A closely afflicted otherwise strong planet will lose strength to the extent of 50%. Such a planet will give good results in the first place and will cause setbacks later.

f) A planet becoming weak due to close combustion will lose strength to the extent of 75% if the Sun is a functional malefic planet. Where the Sun is a functional benefic and it causes combustion to another planet, the planet will become 50% weak for the purpose of transit affliction. A combust planet in its sign of debilitation and placed in a malefic house will have only 10% power.

g) When planets are placed in the malefic houses, they generally lose strength by 50% besides suffering through the significations of the malefic house. The placement in the sixth house can involve the person in disputes, debts and can cause ill health. The placement in the eighth house can cause serious obstructions for the significations ruled by the planet. The placement in the twelfth house can cause expenses and losses for the significations of the planet.

h) When planets are placed in their signs of debilitation, they lose strength by 50%. When planets are placed in their signs of debilitation in birth chart and navamsa, they lose strength by 75%.

i) If in Rasi chart the planet is badly placed and at the same time debilitated in navamsa it would lose strength to the extent of 60%.

j) A badly placed planet in its sign of debilitation will lose its power by 75%.

k) A planet debilitated in navamsa would lose power by 25%.

GAIN OF STRENGTH BY PLANETS THROUGH ASPECTS AND CONJUNCTIONS:

An exact conjunction or aspect by a strong functional benefic planet raises the strength of the planet by 50%.

The impact of conjunction and aspect by a strong functional benefic planet remains within an orb of 5 degrees and is at the rate of 20% per degree. At exact conjunction/aspect the impact is 50% and at a longitudinal distance of 5 degree aspect/conjunction the impact becomes 0.

An exact conjunction or aspect by a weak functional benefic planet raises the strength of the planet by 12.5% - just marginal. This benefit is only applicable for exact conjunction or aspect.



One can (i) strengthen the weak planets by way of a Kavach if the planetary strength is between 50% to 60%; (ii) strengthen the weak planets by way of a special power kavach if the planetary strength is between 35% to 50%; and (iii) strengthen the weak planets by way of a special power kavach cum gemstone pendant if the planetary strength is lower than 35%.

DIVISIONAL CHARTS

The divisional charts (DCs) are the charts which are drawn by division of houses for specialized analysis of a particular signification; for example navamsa for considering general fortune and marriage, etc., and dasamsa for considering professional aspects in a nativity. The methodology of study of the divisional charts has been brought out in the revised edition of author's book "HOW TO STUDY DIVISIONAL CHARTS" which readers may study after they have learnt the system in general.

YOGAKARAKA PLANETS

Yogakaraka planets are those planets which own a kendra (angle) and  a trikona (trine) in a particular nativity.  These yogakarakas are first rate functional benefics and, when strong, produce excellent results by their close association/aspects with any particular planet/house.

The following planets become yogakarakas for the ascendant (lagnas) mentioned against each :-

PLANET             ASCENDANT

MARS                 CANCER  & LEO

VENUS               CAPRICORN & AQUARIUS

SATURN             TAURUS & LIBRA

SIGNIFICATORS

In addition to ruling houses containing their signs, the  planets also act as significators for various houses.  The various planets act as significators for the houses indicated against each :-

SUN 1st, 9th &10th houses
MOON 4th house
MARS 3rd &10th houses
MERCURY 6th & 10th houses
JUPITER 2nd, 5th, 9th & 11th houses
VENUS 4th, 7th & 12th houses
SATURN Ayushkaraka (longevity) i.e. for the 8th house.

How to Judge/Interpret a Horoscope